About Eye Anatomy
The human eye is one of the precious and valued part of the body. Blindness and view disability is the major fear in most of the individual as eye is the key to experience the beauty of the beautiful nature surrounding us. Our eyes give us the vision to see and distinguish between different types of colours, shapes and various types of dimensions. The human eye is the medium between our surrounding and our brain, it changes the light rays into signals to the brain and then the brain encodes this signal into visual images. The eye measuring one inch in diameter and present in the protective cone shaped cavity of the skull consists of 5 basic parts which plays a major role in the vision process. This cavity is better known as the orbit or socket and is surrounded by layers of fatty and soft tissues that allow the movement of the eye along with protecting it. The basic and important anatomy of the eye includes
Iris
The iris is located behind the transparent cornea and represents the colour of the eye which is different for different people like brown, black, blue. The pupil is located in the centre of the iris and the major role of the iris is to control the size of the pupil during contraction or expansion process.
Cornea
The window of the eye, cornea covers the anterior chamber of the eye. It is transparent and provides the focussing power when light enters the eye. It is made up of five layers of tissue and supplied with nutrients and oxygen through tear fluid. The outer layer consists of epithelium which is made up of high regenerative cells that helps in fast recovery form superficial injuries. The other two middle layers provide strength and structural stability while the two inside layers maintains the optical clarity. Most of refractive errors, such as myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, are caused due to abnormality in corneal surface; one can overcome these refractive errors by opting of most advanced Lasik Laser Eye Surgery in Mumbai with one of the most advanced Lasik Laser Centres and highly trained Lasik Surgeon at guaranteed lowest cost on the Mumbai, India. Therefore, for near sightedness, long sightedness or astigmatism, one can choose simple surgical procedures to correct the vision by undergoing lasik laser eye surgery on corneal part of the eye.
Lens
Just behind the iris is the lens which is a clear and transparent structure. Focussing for near and long vision is the major function of the lens and it functions by changing its shape from thicker to thinner or vice versa. But the lens less flexible as people reach the age of 40 and presbyopia sets in. When people enter the age group of 60s then cataract formation takes place and it becomes very cloudy and people find problem in having a clear vision.
Pupil
The pupil is the centre of the iris that absorbs the major parts of the light along with controlling the amount of light entering the eye. It is black in colour as it absorbs all the light entering the eye and turns red in the pictures due to reflection form the retina. It constricts in brightness to allow less light to pass through and expands in dark to allow more light to enter the eye.
Retina
The back of the eye ball, retina is the light sensitive tissue which consists of fine nerve tissue and two types of light receptors that lines inside the wall. This is colour sensitive and consists of rods which absorb black and white light. This acts as a film in a camera and transmits the images to the brain.